Putting the Montana Solution Into Practice: RDDs

A remote delivery device, sometimes referred to as a dart, is pushed out of a projector with compressed gas.

According to the PZP spec sheet from the Science and Conservation Center, Pneu-Darts are not pressurized and cannot discharge spontaneously or through incidental contact.

For the dart to discharge, a small weight at the rear of the device must be launched forward (through impact with a target) to fire a small gunpowder cap, which in turn sets off a larger charge, pushing the plunger forward and emptying the dart into the animal.

Thus, the RDD is similar to a rifle cartridge, where a primer ignites the propellant after it is struck by the firing pin, sending the bullet down the barrel.

VR Darting Injury 09-15-21

Don’t worry, it’s safe, humane and relieves the mares of “the burden of pregnancy and raising young,” with benefits accruing to the public-lands ranchers.

RELATED: Putting the Montana Solution Into Practice: Projectors.

Who Was Jay Kirkpatrick?

Revered by the advocates, he did not invent PZP but expanded its use in wild horse herds under the guise of population control.

Some of them make the pilgrimage to The Science and Conservation Center in Billings, which he founded, for training in the handling and use of PZP.

SCC PZP 12-30-21

Why would you want to keep wild horse herds in check?  Because their land is managed primarily for livestock.  You won’t hear that from the advocates or the SCC.

The substance is a federally registered pesticide.  Curiously, a pest control license is not required to apply it.

RELATED: ‘Montana Solution’ Protects Livestock Not Horses.

Nevada WHR Roundup Day 10

The incident began on December 20.  Gather stats through December 29:

  • Type: Planned
  • Method: Helicopter
  • Animals captured: 468 horses, 91 burros
  • Average daily take: 46.8 horses, 9.1 burros
  • Capture goal: 648 horses, 100 burros
  • Removal goal: 438 horses, 100 burros
  • Returned: No horses, no burros
  • Deaths: 8 horses, no burros
  • Shipped: 268 horses, 91 burros

Two stallions and four mares were put down on Day 9 due to pre-existing conditions, increasing the death rate to 1.7%.

The cumulative totals include 137 stallions, 214 mares and 117 foals.  On the burro side, 47 jacks, 30 jennies and 14 foals.

Youngsters represented 25.0% of the horses captured and 15.4% of the burros.

Of the adults, 39.0% were stallions and 61.0% were mares.  For the burros, 61.0% were jacks and 39.0% were jennies.

Body condition scores were not reported.

The location of gather activity within the WHR is not known.

Nevada WHR Map 12-16-21

Day 10 ended with 192 unaccounted-for horses and no unaccounted-for burros.

The number of horses removed to date is 468, which exceeds the goal, but the number to be released has not been announced.

Horses removed = Horses capturedHorses returned

Mares returned to the area will be treated with GonaCon, a pesticide that may function as a sterilant.

The number of burros removed is 91.

Operations are not open to public observation.

Other statistics:

  • AML: 500 horses, zero burros
  • Forage assigned to horses: 6,000 AUMs per year
  • Pre-gather population: 736 horses, 95 burros and an unspecified number of foals
  • Forage liberated to date: N/A
  • Water liberated to date: N/A
  • Forage assigned to livestock: None
  • Animals displaced from WHR by livestock: None
  • True AML: 500

RELATED: Nevada WHR Roundup Day 8.

Nevada WHR Roundup Day 8

The incident began on December 20.  Gather stats through December 27:

  • Type: Planned
  • Method: Helicopter
  • Animals captured: 279 horses, 91 burros
  • Average daily take: 34.9 horses, 11.4 burros
  • Capture goal: 648 horses, 100 burros
  • Removal goal: 438 horses, 100 burros
  • Returned: No horses, no burros
  • Deaths: 2 horses, no burros
  • Shipped: 101 horses, 91 burros

Helicopters did not fly on Days 4, 5, 6 and 7.

Two colts were put down on Day 8 due to clubbed feet.  The wild horse death rate is 0.7%.

The cumulative totals include 87 stallions, 126 mares and 66 foals.  On the burro side, 47 jacks, 30 jennies and 14 foals.

Youngsters represented 23.7% of the horses captured and 15.4% of the burros.

Of the adults, 40.8% were stallions and 59.2% were mares.  For the burros, 61.0% were jacks and 39.0% were jennies.

Body condition scores were not reported.

The location of gather activity within the WHR is not known.

Nevada WHR Map 12-16-21

Day 8 ended with 176 unaccounted-for horses and no unaccounted-for burros.

The number of horses removed to date is 279.  Mares returned to the area will be treated with GonaCon.  The number of burros removed is 91.

Operations are not open to public observation.

Other statistics:

  • AML: 500 horses, zero burros
  • Forage assigned to horses: 6,000 AUMs per year
  • Pre-gather population: 736 horses, 95 burros and an unspecified number of foals
  • Forage liberated to date: N/A
  • Water liberated to date: N/A
  • Forage assigned to livestock: None
  • Animals displaced from WHR by livestock: None
  • True AML: 500

RELATED: Nevada WHR Roundup Day 3.

Stallions Especially Susceptible to Wear-Out Failures?

As noted yesterday, the average age of a herd subject to the Montana Solution increases with time, along with the death rate, as few if any foals are born and more horses reach the “wear out” period.

Earlier this year, the Park Service reported 27 males and 51 females on the Maryland side of Assateague Island.

In 2020, they found 21 stallions and 51 mares.

Females outnumber males by a two-to-one margin.  What’s happening to the stallions?

The area has been a test bed for wild horse fertility control since the mid 1980s.

The darting program was shut off in 2016.

The Park Service had been reporting herd demographics every two months, give or take, but the news releases stopped in November 2019.

Can Darting Programs Compete with Helicopter Roundups?

The fastest way to remove excess horses and shift resources back to the public-lands ranchers is by helicopter.

Darting programs can achieve the same results but over much longer periods of time.

The debate rests on the faulty notion that areas set aside for wild horses and burros should be managed primarily, if not principally, for cattle and sheep.

Helicopters can reduce wild horse populations by two thirds in just a few weeks, as seen over the summer at Onaqui Mountain and Sand Wash Basin.

A reduction of that size by PZP darting would require over 20 years, assuming a zero percent birth rate and five percent death rate.

Injuries and deaths are not uncommon in helicopter roundups but the horses usually bounce back, perhaps at a slower rate if mares returned to the range were treated with fertility control and/or the sex ratio of the herd was tilted in favor of the stallions.

There is no bouncing back with darting programs.  Injuries do occur and after five years many of the mares are sterile.  They still eat, exactly what the ranchers don’t want.

VR Darting Injury 09-15-21

This year on Assateague Island, a paragon of wild horse management according to the advocates, the herd was only able to produce a 7.8% growth rate—five years after the darting program was shut off.  In previous years, the population declined.

So how can the advocates make their darting programs more appealing to the ranchers and bureaucrats, whose approval they seek at the expense of our wild horses?

To put their programs on par with the roundups, something must be done about the death rate.

One possibility is to couple the darting programs with the introduction of predators, which the ranchers will oppose straight away.

Another possibility is to spike their darting formulations with something that hastens illness and death, inconspicuously, of course.

Too far-fetched?  They’re ruthless.

Advocates are the Predators 11-30-21

The Pine Nut advocates recently acquired a Jeep to chase the mares as far as necessary to make sure they don’t reproduce.

The Virginia Range advocates are pumping PZP into a herd of approximately 3,200 males and females at a rate of 4,200 doses per year.

Good luck finding a youngster if you visit the Salt River.

As the advocates mull their options against a backdrop of growing support from a misinformed public, and continued skepticism of the bureaucrats and ranchers, is it reasonable to assume a constant death rate over the life of their darting programs?

A graphical model, known as the Bathtub Curve, shows failure rates of manufactured products as a function of their age.  The message of the Bathtub Curve is that, after a certain period, failure rates go up as things get older.

If everyone in the country was in their twenties, you wouldn’t find many obituaries in the newspaper.  If everyone was at least 60, that section might be a bit more active.

When a darting program is fully implemented, the average age of the herd increases, because no new foals are hitting the ground.

If the bathtub model prevails, at some point the death rate will begin to increase as more horses reach the “wear out” period.

This might help the advocates sell their programs to the bureaucrats without the need for controversial enhancements.

If you start with 1,000 horses and stop all reproduction, 950 would remain at the end of Year 1 with a 5% death rate.  In Year 2, 48 horses would die, leaving 902.  In Year 3, 45 would die and so forth.  This is the blue line in the following chart.

With no new foals, the average age of the herd will go up, so the death rate will likely increase as the program takes hold.

If you start with 1,000 horses and a 5% death rate, but the death rate increases one half percentage point every year thereafter (.005), 50 horses would die in the first year, 52 would die in the second year, 54 would die in the third year, etc.  This is the orange line in the chart.

Wild Horse Attrition Chart 12-26-21

A 50% reduction in herd size, from 1,000 to 500, instead of taking 13 years in the constant-rate scenario, only requires nine years in the rising-rate scenario.

Although darting programs may increase wild horse death rates without any added effort, they will never match the efficiency and effectiveness of helicopter roundups in shifting resources back to the public-lands ranchers.

The advocates will likely be consigned to a mopping-up role in the management process, protecting the ranchers after the fact by making sure the horses don’t bounce back.

RELATED: Darting Programs and Helicopter Roundups on Same Side of Coin.

Debunking Sage-Grouse Myth

If there’s an agenda, problems will be invented that steer public opinion toward its acceptance.

That’s the story behind man-made climate change.  Pure fiction.

The goal is not environmental protection, but massive government involvement in your life, sometimes referred to as socialism.  You need to give them more power.

So it is on western rangelands, as discussed in a column posted yesterday by the Casper Star-Tribune.

Supporters of public-lands ranching use habitat degradation to bludgeon wild horses, deflect attention from grazing and conceal the effects attributable thereto.

The goal is not to protect the birds but to secure more resources for the ranchers.

Curiously, the BLM recently announced virtual scoping sessions as it considers changes to the management plans for sage-grouse habitats.  More information can be found at the ePlanning site for the project.

A keyword search of the Rangewide Monitoring Report, posted with other project documents, yielded these results:

  • Horse – No occurrences
  • Horses – 1
  • Livestock – 24
  • Permittee – 5
  • Grazing – 57
  • Allotment – 13
  • Allotments – 89
  • Drilling – 0
  • Mining – 136
  • Logging – 0
  • Recreation – 4

RELATED: Livestock Impede Sage-Grouse Recovery on Public Lands?

Will Advocates Oppose Stewart Creek Darting Program?

If the government was going to remove the horses with helicopters, there’d be outrage.

But the Proposed Action will get rid of them with GonaCon or PZP.

Silence.

In both cases, the management plan assigns four times more forage to privately owned livestock than the horses.

The advocates don’t oppose the removals, only the way they are carried out.

What about the resource allocations that prompt them?

More silence.

RELATED: Comments Invited on Stewart Creek Pest Control Plan.